in Tokyo are quite a few people on quite a small place.
The population density in Tokyo Pers./km2 is about 6000 to about 6 people in Kazakhstan during a Quadrakilometer live.
Now what do you do? For example, you build a toilet that can be converted into a shower . And when the living room at some point can not be optimized, and you live near the coast to get there as soon as look at the idea of taking the shovel and the country aufzuschütten.
This was operated in the Tokyo Bay and the south of Chiba peninsula on a large scale. Initially only for port facilities, later also more sensitive structures based on the sand. Expressed in this way is very rough ground the better, the older, stored and less dense it is saturated. Meaning, it is easy to conclude that these landfills to the coast really bad properties, especially in a so active tectonic region as Kanto. The reason loses its rigidity and its consistency even when a strong earthquake and behaves more like a mud pile than a solid foundation soil (= so-called soil liquefaction , also see little video ).
At our Institute is investigating exactly this situation for a long time, mainly on the vibrating table.
any case, I get these days some old maps of the affected areas. Below you see in the photo next to a picture of the coast of Chiba in the Meiji period (circa 1880), the right of this same section in 2005. It was filled in a huge area! I now take a closer look at me ...
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